materi sejarah candi borobudur bahasa inggris

Borobudur is the largest temple in Indonesia. Candi Borobudur is located in Magelang, Central Java, in addition to being a bustling tourist attraction, is also a center of worship for Buddhists in Indonesia, especially in every celebration of Vesak. This is consistent with the meaning of its name is “monastery in the hills”. Borobudur is currently designated as one of the UNESCO World Heritage.

Borobudur was built around 800 BC or 9th century. Borobudur was built by the followers of the Mahayana agamaBuddha during the reign of the Sailendra dynasty. This temple was built in the heyday of the Sailendra dynasty. Borobudur founder, King Samaratungga from dynastic or Sailendra dynasty. The possibility of this temple was built around 824 AD and was completed around the year 900 AD during the reign of Queen Pramudawardhani who is the daughter of Samaratungga. While the architects who contributed to build this temple according to the story of hereditary named Gunadharma.

The word Borobudur itself by first written evidence written by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, the Governor General of Great Britain in Java, which gave the name of this temple. There is no written evidence that older who gave it the name Borobudur temple. The only documents that indicate the existence oldest temple is Nagarakretagama book, which was written by MPU Prapanca in 1365. In the book written that the temple was used as a place of Buddhist meditation.

The meaning of the name Borobudur “monastery in the hills”, which is derived from the word “bara” (temple or monastery) and “beduhur” (hills or high place) in Sanskrit. Therefore, in accordance with the meaning of the name Borobudur, then this place since it was used as a place of Buddhist worship.

This temple for centuries no longer used. Then because of volcanic eruptions, most of the buildings covered Borobudur volcanic soil. In addition, the building is covered with trees and shrubs for centuries. Then the building of this temple began to be forgotten in the days of Islam arrived in Indonesia around the 15th century.

In 1814 when the British occupied Indonesia, Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles heard of the discovery of giant archaeological object in the village Bumisegoro Magelang. Due to the great interest the history of Java, then immediately ordered Raffles HC Cornelius, a Dutch engineer, to investigate the discovery of the location it is a hill covered with shrubs.

Cornelius assisted by about 200 men cut down trees and remove shrubs that covered the giant building. Because the building is already fragile and could collapse, then report to the Raffles Cornelius invention includes several images. Because of the discovery, Raffles was honored as the person who started the restoration of Borobudur and got the attention of the world. In 1835, the entire area of ​​the temple has been excavated. The temple continues restored the Dutch colonial period.